Cruziana

Cruziana is a trace fossil consisting of elongate, bilobed, approximately bilaterally symmetrical burrows, usually preserved along bedding planes, with a sculpture of repeated striations that are mostly oblique to the long dimension. It is found in marine and freshwater sediments. [1]

Cruziana. Cruziana and Rusophycus traces were also reported from core samples of red beds from the Bloomsburg Formation in northwestern New Jersey (Metz, 2013). Examples of continental Rusophycus have been interpreted as the resting trace of arthropods, such as notostracans (e.g., Bromley and Asgaard, 1979 ; Schlirf et al., 2001 ; Minter and Lucas, 2009 ...

Ichnology is the study of the fossilized tracks, trails, burrows and excavations made by animals and more broadly the study of bioturbation, which is the reworking of sediment by animals. Ichnologists use ichnofossils or trace fossils to interpret paleoecological aspects of sedimentary environments. The underpinnings of ichnology depend upon ...

Cruziana is a common and widespread trace fossil in Lower Palaeozoic strata that is generally attributed to the activity of trilobites. The Lower to Middle Ordovician Armorican Quartzite Formation ...B: Trilobite burrows interpreted as Cruziana goldfussi, which has been recovered previously from the eastern flanks of Al Kufrah Basin in Jabal Eghei and assigned to the Lower Ordovician ...The three species in the genus are Victoria amazonica, cruziana and boliviana, named after Queen Victoria. The results, published in the journal Frontiers in Plant Science, ...Victoria cruziana (Santa Cruz waterlily) is one of only three tropical American aquatic species, bearing large, intricately engineered, buoyant, prickly leaves. V. amazonica is the most familiar of the three, with leaves reaching nearly 3m in diameter, while the leaves of V . cruziana grow up to 1m in diameter.Thus, the measured stiffness coefficient of V. cruziana K Victoria is significantly larger than that of a floating disk of uniform thickness, K Victoria K disk ≈ 5 to 10 (equivalently, a circular disk with comparable bending stiffness to that of the measured leaves requires a volume in the range V disk = πR 2 t disk ≈ 7200 to 11,900 cm 3 ...

Rare and small, the Cruziana specimens occur in overall outcropping surfaces, associated with Diplichnites, Diplopodichnus, and Umfolozia. The presence of Cruziana in this sedimentary succession suggests a benthic community dominated by arthropods with crawling behavior similar to trilobites, which is reinforced by its frequent association with ...パラグアイオニバス (学名: Victoria cruziana) は、スイレン科 オオオニバス属に属する水生植物の1種である。 パラグアイオオオニバスともよばれる 。 近縁のオオオニバスと同様、たらいのような非常に大きな葉を水面に浮かべることで知られる (図1)。 属名の Victoria はイギリスのビクトリア女王 ...of ichnospecies Cruziana acac ensis eleongata and C. ac. acacensis (see Seilache r, 2007 : Pla te 15), simi larities increase because their scratches , though not longitudin al, are parallel or ...This report presents the geologic framework, hydro­stratigraphy, and ichnology of the Trinity and Edwards Groups in the Blanco, Payton, and Rough Hollow 7.5-minute quad­rangles in Blanco, Comal, Hays, and Kendall Counties, Texas.The depauperate Cruziana Ichnofacies the absence of anoxia in nearshore marine environments (Beatty et al., 2008; Hofmann et al., 2011). The Griesbachian-Dienerian estuarine The Cruziana Ichnofacies characteristically hosts a variety of traces setting in the Longmendong area was less likely to have been affected attributed to locomotion ...PDF | On Jun 1, 2008, María I. López Cabrera and others published Trazas fósiles de la Ichnofacies de Cruziana, Zoophycos y Nereites del Cenozoico de los Andes Fueguinos | Find, read and cite ...Conversely, the overall morphology of ichnogenera Cruziana D'Orbigny, 1842, Rusophycus Hall, 1852 and Didymaulichnus Young, 1972 has more diagnostic features in common with both morphotypes. Among them, the two elongate ichnotaxa interpreted as locomotion traces, i.e. Cruziana and Didymaulichnus , share more similarities with …The Cruziana Ichnofacies (Fig. 4.5A, Table 4.2) is most characteristic of permanently subtidal, poorly sorted, and unconsolidated cohesive (muddy) substrates in shallow marine settings typified by uniform salinity. Conditions typically range from moderate energy levels lying below fair-weather (minimum) wave base but above storm wave base, to ...

Tortolita Peruana (Columbina cruziana) Orden: Columbiformes | Familia: Columbina | UICN: Preocupación menor. Identificación y comportamiento: ~17,2 cm. El macho de la Tortolita Peruana es gris por encima y gris rosado por debajo, con una cabeza gris azulada. La hembra es una versión apagada del macho. El iris es blanco.Victoria cruziana, second night flower. Victoria cruziana. Lucy T Smith. 500 x 700, Watercolour on paper. Also by Lucy T Smith ...REMARKS:Trilobites produced Cruziana up until the end Permian. After the Permo-Triassic extinction, Cruziana was produced by marine arthropods and freshwater arthropods. Zonneveld et al., 2002 described Cruziana-like burrows constructed by crustaceans that may better be placed within Reniformichnus (Bordy and Krummeck 2018).Rusophycus, like Cruziana, is present in lacustrine, fluvial and shallow to deep marine environments (Crimes and Harper 1970;Seilacher, 1970;Bromley and Asgaard 1979; Pickerill, 1995; Gand et al ...This is a fossil trackway (cruziana) of multiple arthropods, collected near Erfoud, Morocco. A variety of different trackways can be seen throughout the stone, with distinguishable, partial trilobite tracks near the center. The slab of mudstone measures 10.4" by 6.7". It would be Ordovician in age, or approximately 450 million years old.

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This Cruziana is a 3.1" trackway preserved in a slab of mudstone and would be Ordovician in age or approximately 450 million years old. There is also a rusophycus or resting spot preserved. Trilobites were a very diverse group of extinct marine arthropods. They first appeared in the fossil record in the Early Cambrian (521 million years ago ...Cruziana semiplicata (Salter) is recorded, generally in abundance, from previously known and new localities within Upper Cambrian (Ffestiniog) sediments in Snowdonia, and the Portmadoc area, North Wales. C. furcifera (D'Orb) is recorded for the first time in the British Isles from four localities within Lower Ordovician (Arenig) sediments on St ...Cruziana is a common and widespread trace fossil in Lower Palaeozoic strata that is generally attributed to the activity of trilobites. The Lower to Middle Ordovician Armorican Quartzite Formation ...See text. Victoria or giant waterlily [1] is a genus of water-lilies, in the plant family Nymphaeaceae, with very large green leaves that lie flat on the water's surface. Victoria boliviana has a leaf that is up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) in width, on a stalk up to 8 metres (26 ft) in length. The genus name was given in honour of Queen Victoria of ...What is Cruziana ichnofacies? Cruziana is a trace fossil consisting of elongate, bilobed, approximately bilaterally symmetrical burrows, usually preserved along bedding planes, with a sculpture of repeated striations that are mostly oblique to the long dimension. It is found in marine and freshwater sediments.

1972 Biologia floral del irupé, Victoria cruziana D'Orb. (Nymphaeaceae). Darwiniana 17, 477–500. Google Scholar. van der Velde G.. 1986 Developmental stages in the floral biology s.l. of Dutch Nymphaeaceae (Nymphaea alba L., Nymphaea candida Presl, Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.).Cruziana d'Orbigny, 1842 comprises trace fossils preserved as elongate bilobate furrows covered by herringbone-shaped ridges. They vary in size and surficial morphology due to varied behaviour of the animal (Häntzschel, 1975). It is possible that trace fossils assigned to Cruziana are associated with deposit feeding on surface …They belong to the archetypal Cruziana ichnofacies, which typically indicates shallow-marine environments from the lower–upper shoreface transition to upper offshore (Pemberton et al., 2001). However, in Palaeozoic sediments, a reversal of ichnofacies can occur, i.e. the Cruziana. ConclusionsCruziana-bearing successions, the herein-presented specimens of C. furcifera, C. goldfussi, C. rouaulti and C. rugosa occur in successions where the biostratigraphy is well known based on indicative body fossils and/or the lithostratigraphic position allows the definition of the age of the investigatedPDF | On Sep 16, 2022, Olaf Elicki published ELICKI MAGNUS 2021 Cruziana rouaulti from Algeria | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGateThe Cruziana Ichnofacies shows rich trace fossil diversity, with horizontal repichnia (Cruziana and Aulichnites), cubichnia (Rusophycus, Asteriacites and ...To understand the molecular basis of floral scent biosynthesis in V. cruziana, particularly methyl hexanoate, a transcriptome from the whole flowers at the full-bloom stage was created and analyzed.Summary. Cruziana semiplicata (Salter) is recorded, generally in abundance, from previously known and new localities within Upper Cambrian (Ffestiniog) sediments in Snowdonia, and the Portmadoc area, North Wales. C. furcifera (D'Orb) is recorded for the first time in the British Isles from four localities within Lower Ordovician (Arenig ..."Cruziana" published on by null. "Cruziana" published on by null. The name given to the tracks made by an animal (some by Trilobita) as it crawled over the sea floor. The tracks are bilobed in appearance, divided along the mid-line, and each half is scored by fine grooves created by the action of the walking limb. See repichnia.CruzianaWissadula cruziana. R. E. Fries. An Wissadula cruziana [1] in uska species han Magnoliopsida nga ginhulagway ni R. E. Fries. An Wissadula cruziana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Wissadula, ngan familia nga Malvaceae. [2] [3] Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Language Label Description Also known as; English: Victory flower. species of plant

Botanical Garden of Helsinki, Finland. Victoria cruziana ( Santa Cruz water lily, water platter, yrupe, synonym Victoria argentina Burmeist.) is a tropical species of flowering plant, of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies native to South America, primarily Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay. The tracemakers of both Cruziana and Rusophycus are bilaterally symmetrical organisms, most probably arthropods (Donovan, 2010). In Paleozoic strata, they occur …Download Citation | On Jan 1, 2018, V. V. Volkova published FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION OF VICTORIA CRUZIANA (ROEPP.) J. SOWERBY IN CONTAINER CULTURE | Find, read and cite all the ...Cruziana is a trace fossil consisting of elongate, bilobed, approximately bilaterally symmetrical burrows, usually preserved along bedding planes, with a sculpture of repeated striations that are mostly oblique to the long dimension. It is found in marine and freshwater sediments. [1] Two common traces — Cruziana and Rusophycus — are generally preserved as molds (fillings) on the basal contact of sandstones or carbonate beds in shales. One type of deep, inscribed, horizontal track or furrow, Cruziana, shows "V-like" scratch patterns made by the dactyls (claws) of the trilo-bite and a central groove corresponding to an ...However, diverse Cruziana/Rusophycus trace fossil assemblages (Plates 13 and 14) from the upper part of the Disi Formation indicate a probable Floian (Arenig) age (Selley, 1970), so the Cambrian/Ordovician boundary must lie somewhere within these two formations. A similar suite of trace fossils (Selley, 1970) and Floian (Arenig) acritarchs …Botanical Garden of Helsinki, Finland. Victoria cruziana ( Santa Cruz water lily, water platter, yrupe, synonym Victoria argentina Burmeist.) is a tropical species of flowering plant, of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies native to South America, primarily Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay. It is also common below, and within, the Cruziana trace-fossil horizons of the Disi Formation and as medium-scale sets in the Umm Sahm Sandstone; (c) planar (or parallel) lamination is common in the fine-grained sandstones and siltstones within the trace fossil horizons (mostly Disi and Umm Sahm formations) and in the fine- to medium-grained ...Cruziana semiplicata Salter is a well known ichnospecies, ascribed to trilobites. Despite that, there are still contradicting views on its origin (infaunal vs. epifaunal), the ethology represented ...

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Image Santa Cruz water lily (Victoria cruziana) - 367016 - Professional images of plants and gardens for use in magazines, books, calendars, brochures and ...I was doing some research on the ordovician cruziana plates I found in Millard Co, Utah a few years ago and noticed something funny. It seems that similar looking specimens from around the world are frequently the same pink color. In my experience pink fossils are rare. But, it seems pink cruzian...Cruziana is one of the most recognizable trace fossils ascribed to arthropods. It ranges throughout the Phanerozoic and encompasses a diverse set of morphologies. The distinct features of Cruziana have incited fierce debate regarding its mode of formation. Here, we discuss critical aspects of trace fossil formation, namely epibenthic versus endobenthic …Victoria cruziana. This giant waterlily produces massive, floating mid-green lily pads that can reach up to 8 feet across and can support the weight of a small adult. Its leaves are reddish purple and softly hairy on the underside. The ephemeral, pineapple-scented blooms appear in summer, lasting only two nights. The 16-inch flowers are white ...Ichnology is the study of the fossilized tracks, trails, burrows and excavations made by animals and more broadly the study of bioturbation, which is the reworking of sediment by animals. Ichnologists use ichnofossils or trace fossils to interpret paleoecological aspects of sedimentary environments. The underpinnings of ichnology depend upon ...Cruziana ichnospecies have been repeatedly reported to have biostratigraphic significance. This study presents a re-evaluation of the arthropod ichnotaxa of the Cruziana rugosa Group from bio- and/or lithostratigraphically well-defined Lower to Upper Ordovician siliciclastic sections of southern and central Bolivia. With the exception of Cruziana …30 ต.ค. 2563 ... El origen de la palabra cruziana es un homenaje al presidente de Bolivia Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calahumana (La Paz, 1792-Beauvoir, 1865) ...La tortolita (Columbina cruziana), llamada también tortolita peruana o tortolita quiguagua es una especie de ave columbiforme de la familia Columbidae. Es una pequeña paloma natural de América del Sur; Se encuentra al oeste de los Andes en Ecuador, Perú y norte de Chile. No se conocen subespecies. (Fuente: Wikipedia, «», , CC BY-SA 3.0 .These results together indicated that both the WGT event and the sub-genome that were closer to V. cruziana were important to the evolution of leaf development in E. ferox, further suggesting that the specific process of leaf development may have initially formed before the divergence of Sub2/3 and V. cruziana, and then contributed to the ...Victoria boliviana, or the Bolivian waterlily is a new species of water lily within the genus Victoria in the family Nymphaeaceae. It is the newest described species of the genus and its largest member in size and was officially identified in 2022. In January 2023, the species was awarded three Guinness World Record titles for world's largest waterlily species, world's largest waterlily leaf ...Seasonal occurrence. 39 foreground recordings and 29 background recordings of Columbina cruziana . Total recording duration 22:59. ? ? ? Desert all green with herbs owing to "El Niño". Reference: B: 410-414 (Colcrux2). Krabbe & Nilsson (2003) (ISBN 90-75838-06-9).Trilobite track Cruziana from Wisniówka, north east of Kielce, Poland. Upper Cambrian period, about 500 million years old. ….

The pool was later removed to make way for the Gladney Rose Garden, and moved to its current location in the Central Axis in 1917. The new pool was constructed without any heating element. This is rarely a problem for V. cruziana or 'Longwood Hybrid' but the unpredictable St. Louis weather made it difficult to reliably display V. amazonica ...La tortolita peruana tiene un canto ronco y seco y un distintivo pico amarillo de punta negra. Se alimenta de semillas y habita desde el Ecuador hasta el nor...Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for.Download scientific diagram | Aspectos do grupo Cruziana rugosa em Penha Garcia. A - Sub-impressões sinuosas de grandes Cruziana furcifera; Sr. Domingos Costa como escala. B - Cruziana ...The flowers of Victoria cruziana bloom over two consecutive nights, during which time they dramatically increase their metabolic rate (MR) to raise their internal temperature by 7 to 10 °C above ...The Proveedora Formation is composed, from base to top, of a thick- to very thick-bedded fine to coarse-grained pinkish-white quartz sandstone with red oxidation patches, followed by a dark-gray quartz sandstone with abundant ichnofossils like Skolithos isp., Arenicolites isp., Cruziana isp., Monocraterion isp., and Thalassinoides isp. The unit ...Two common traces — Cruziana and Rusophycus — are generally preserved as molds (fillings) on the basal contact of sandstones or carbonate beds in shales. One type of deep, inscribed, horizontal track or furrow, Cruziana, shows "V-like" scratch patterns made by the dactyls (claws) of the trilo-bite and a central groove corresponding to an ...Victoria cruziana is a species is from Paraguay and is easier to grow in Northern climates of North America. Cruziana can handle colder temperatures better ...Victoria cruziana, a tropical species of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies, has evolved a network of three-dimensional and rugged veins, which yields a superior load-bearing capacity ... Cruziana, Definition of cruziana in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of cruziana. What does cruziana mean? Information and translations of cruziana in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web., Victoria cruziana,Water platter or Santa Cruz water lily (scientific name: Victoria cruziana) is native from Paraguay to Argentina and is an aquatic annual plant of the family Lilyaceae. It features a huge floating leaf naturally growing in the Amazon River basin, wound up and crimped. Flowering in the evening and early in the morning, flower ..., The trace fossil association can be grouped into a softground suite belonging to the Cruziana ichnofacies, and a firmground suite of the Glossifungites ichnofacies. This discrimination enables an ..., The Victoria 'Longwood Hybrid' is a giant waterlily, a hybrid between two species of the Victoria genus (V. amazonica and V. cruziana), and, while a herbaceous perennial, is grown as an annual in North Carolina. Plants will remain perennial as long as water temperatures remain at least 75 degrees F., Trace fossils are of value in environmental stratigraphy, including forms characteristic of rocky shores, sandy beaches, the neritic zone, and the bathyal-abyssal zone. Trace fossils are also useful in constructing paleogeographical syntheses, as demonstrated by examples from Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Tertiary strata., Cruziana. d’Orbigny, 1842. DESCRIPTION: Elongate, bilobate ribbon-like furrows with medial ridges (concave epirelief) or medial grooves (convex hyporelief) and furrows are …, Trilobite Tracks Cruziana is a trace fossil consisting of elongate, bilobed, approximately bilaterally symmetrical burrows. They are usually preserved along bedding planes, with a sculpture of repeated striations that are mostly oblique to the long dimension., The trilobite cruziana measures 12.5" long (straightline) and is preserved on a 14" wide slab of mudstone. It would be Ordovician in age, or approximately 450 million years old. Comes with a metal display stand. Trilobites were a very diverse group of extinct marine arthropods. They first appeared in the fossil record in the Early Cambrian (521 ..., A Journal of Neotropical Biodiversity ISSN 2358-2847 (online) ARTICLE 25 Oct 2019 DOI: 10.13102/neod.121.1 Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-VIII., 28 ก.พ. 2553 ... ... Cruziana. En esta dirección puedes encontrar una completa información: http://www.asturnatura.com/articulos/trilobites/ecol.php. Saludos ..., Trilobite burrows of the Cruziana rugosa group are common and well preserved in the Armorican Quartzite Formation (Lower to Middle Ordovician) of the Ponsul River gorge in Penha Garcia., Cruziana : 4.35 x 0.7 in. Plate : 5.1 x 5.6 in. 1 inch = 2.54 cm A wonderfully colorful plate with a very fine detailed trilobite track way running across the center of the slab. Found often near the fossils of the trilobite Asaphellus aff. fezouataensis, it is thought these trace and burrows are from that trilobite., 29 ส.ค. 2564 ... Be overwhelmed by the huge Victoria cruziana! Join the tour and see the gorgeous view of very unique Water Lilly and Aquatic plants. In this ..., Cruziana-Nereites ichnofacies; Acknowledgments. The authors thank the Editor-in-Chief Gareth Dyke for suggesting corrections and modifications. Authors are also thankful to Alfred Uchman for his helps in the determination of some trace fossils. We are especially grateful to Dirk Knaust and two anonymous reviewers for their critical review of ..., Cruziana. d’Orbigny, 1842. DESCRIPTION: Elongate, bilobate ribbon-like furrows with medial ridges (concave epirelief) or medial grooves (convex hyporelief) and furrows are covered by a herring-bone-like, transverse, longitudinal striations. BEHAVIOR (S): Repichnia (locomotion), fodinichnia (deposit feeding); Crawling trail, dwelling or ... , A Journal of Neotropical Biodiversity ISSN 2358-2847 (online) ARTICLE 25 Oct 2019 DOI: 10.13102/neod.121.1 Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-VIII., The seeds were much larger than V. cruziana, and had a distinctive raphe (a ridge at the top of the seed). I began to draw as quickly as possible in order to record the flowers' characteristics. The beautiful second-night flower of Victoria boliviana which opened at Kew on July 18th, 2018. It faced away from the viewing path of the Princess ..., The tracemakers of both Cruziana and Rusophycus are bilaterally symmetrical organisms, most probably arthropods (Donovan, 2010). In Paleozoic strata, they occur exclusively in marine deposits and ..., Measurements indicate that distal Cruziana fabrics have the highest average porosities at 17.7 ± 5.9%, followed by Zoophycos fabrics at 14.8 ± 4.3%. Impoverished proximal and distal Cruziana fabrics possess comparable, but lower porosities at 13.3 ± 4.2% and 11.0 ± 4.2% respectively., Ichnofacies can provide information about water depth, salinity, turbidity and energy. In general, traces found in shallower water are vertical, those in deeper water are more horizontal and patterned. [1] This is partly because of the relative abundance of suspended food particles, such as plankton, in the shallower waters of the photic zone ..., パラグアイオニバス ( 学名: Victoria cruziana) は、 スイレン科 オオオニバス属 に属する 水生植物 の1種である。. パラグアイオオオニバスともよばれる [4] 。. 近縁の オオオニバス と同様、 たらい のような非常に大きな葉を水面に浮かべることで知られる (図1 ..., The growth and development of biological tissues and organs strongly depend on the requirements of their multiple functions. Plant veins yield efficient nutrient transport and withstand various external loads. Victoria cruziana, a tropical species of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies, has evolved a network of three-dimensional and rugged veins, which yields a superior load-bearing ..., Victoria cruziana veins have porous sponge microstructures, which form numerous air chambers at the bottom of the leaves and endow the leaves with a large buoyancy [13,14]. Though the biological functions of Victoria cruziana veins have been recognized, it remains unclear how their optimal topology is influenced by biomechanical …, Attributes: Genus: Victoria Species: amazonica Family: Nymphaeaceae Uses (Ethnobotany): Waterlily seeds have been used as a food source in Central America and was once known as 'water corn' in Paraguay, because of its large seeds that were used to make flour., Download scientific diagram | Photographs illustrating furrowing (trilobite-like) features, belonging to the Cruziana ichnofacies, graptolites, and pyrite framboids. (A, B) Resting traces of ..., Cruziana: Diplichnites: A very detailed Rusophycus specimen from Australia show gnathobase impressions along the midline, as well as the bi-lobed, oval impression of the trilobite body. Cruziana trail showing the central paired leg grooves and the parallel furrows on the outside edges. The curved shape suggests a searching pattern. ..., Measurements indicate that distal Cruziana fabrics have the highest average porosities at 17.7 ± 5.9%, followed by Zoophycos fabrics at 14.8 ± 4.3%. Impoverished proximal and distal Cruziana fabrics possess comparable, but lower porosities at 13.3 ± 4.2% and 11.0 ± 4.2% respectively., Language links are at the top of the page across from the title., Click images to enlarge Native to South America (Argentina and Paraguay), V. cruziana is characterized by bright green pads with tall rims, the exteriors of which are green sometimes suffused with red. Buds are somewhat pointed with no thorns on the medium pink sepals. The flowers are creamy white the first night with pointed petals becoming ..., Other articles where Amazon water lily is discussed: water lily: Major genera and species: The leaf margins of the Amazon, or royal, water lily (V. amazonica, formerly Victoria regia) and the Santa Cruz water lily (V. cruziana) have upturned edges, giving each thickly veined leaf the appearance of a large shallow pan 60 to 180 cm (about 2 to 6 feet) across and …, Other articles where Victoria is discussed: water lily: Major genera and species: …three species of the genus Victoria. The taxonomy of the giant water lilies has been contentious, with the group sometimes placed in the genus Nymphaea. The leaf margins of the Amazon, or royal, water lily (V. amazonica, formerly Victoria regia) and the Santa Cruz water lily (V. cruziana) have upturned…, Cruziana ichnospecies have been repeatedly reported to have biostratigraphic significance. This study presents a re-evaluation of the arthropod ichnotaxa of the Cruziana rugosa Group from bio- and ..., Victoria cruziana Taxonomy ID: 4421 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid4421) current name